Hormone deficiency, also known as endocrine hypofunction, occurs when the body does not produce enough of a certain hormone. Hormones are essential chemical messengers that help regulate many of the body's functions including metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood.
Some common symptoms of hormone deficiency include fatigue, weight gain or weight loss, changes in appetite, changes in sleep patterns, mood changes, low libido, hair loss, dry skin, and irregular periods in women. However, symptoms can vary dramatically depending on the specific hormone that is deficient.
Some of the main hormone deficiencies include:
- Thyroid hormone deficiency - The thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. This can lead to symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, feeling cold, dry skin, and depression.
- Growth hormone deficiency - The pituitary gland does not secrete enough growth hormone. In children this can impair growth, while adults may experience increased body fat, decreased muscle mass, higher cholesterol, and emotional issues.
- Testosterone deficiency - Known as male hypogonadism, this occurs when the testes do not produce enough testosterone. Symptoms include erectile dysfunction, low libido, decreased muscle mass, fatigue, and mood disturbances.
- Estrogen deficiency - Usually caused by menopause in women. Low estrogen levels can lead to hot flashes, vaginal dryness, insomnia, osteoporosis, and changes in mood.
- Progesterone deficiency - Often seen in conjunction with low estrogen. Can cause irregular periods, difficulty getting pregnant, and mood changes like anxiety or depression.
- Cortisol deficiency - Due to low production in the adrenal gland. Symptoms include fatigue, low blood pressure, weight loss, and cravings for salty foods.
Diagnosing hormone deficiencies usually begins with blood tests to check hormone levels. Providers may also check for underlying health conditions that could be contributing to the deficiency. Sometimes imaging tests like an MRI are needed to visualize the pituitary gland.
Treatment depends on the specific hormone that is lacking. Hormone replacement therapy can help restore adequate hormone levels. This may include medications, gels, patches, or supplements containing the needed hormone. Making diet and lifestyle changes is also important for managing hormone deficiencies.
If you think you may have a
hormone imbalance, I recommend getting checked out by a knowledgeable endocrinologist like the doctors at